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At the time of the Revolution there were but few people living on the north side of the Ohio River. But there were many Indians there. These Indians killed a great many settlers in Kentucky.

The Indians were sent by British officers to do this killing. There was a British fort at Vincennes in what is now Indiana. There was another British fort or post at Kaskaskia in what is now the State of Illinois.

George Rogers Clark was an American colonel. He wanted to stop the murder of the settlers by the Indians. He thought that he could do it by taking the British posts.

He had three hundred men. They went down the Ohio River in boats. They landed near the mouth of the Ohio River. Then they marched a hundred and thirty miles to Kaskaskia.

Kaskaskia was far away from the Americans. The people there did not think that the Americans would come so far to attack them. When Clark got there, they were all asleep. He marched in and took the town before they woke up.

The people living in Kaskaskia were French. By treating them well, Clark made them all friendly to the Americans.

When the British at Vincennes heard that Clark had taken Kaskaskia, they thought that they would take it back again. But it was winter. All the streams were full of water. They could not march till spring. Then they would gather the Indians to help them, and take Clark and his men.

But Clark thought that he would not wait to be taken. He thought that he would just go and take the British. If he could manage to get to Vincennes in the winter, he would not be expected.

Clark started with a hundred and seventy men. The country was nearly all covered with water. The men were in the wet almost all the time. Clark had hard work to keep his men cheerful. He did everything he could to amuse them. They had to wade through deep rivers. The water was icy cold. But Clark made a joke of it. He kept them laughing whenever he could.

At one place the men refused to go through the freezing water. Clark could not persuade them to cross the river. He called to him a tall soldier. He was the very tallest man in Clark's little army. Clark said to him, "Take the little drummer boy on your shoulders." The little drummer was soon seated high on the shoulders of the tall man. "Now go ahead!" said Clark.

The soldier marched into the water. The little drummer beat a march on his drum. Clark cried out, "Forward!" Then he plunged into the water after the tall soldier. All the men went in after him. They were soon safe on the other side.

At another river the little drummer was floated over on the top of his drum. At last, the men drew near to Vincennes. They could hear the morning and evening gun in the British fort. But the worst of the way was yet to pass. The Wabash River had risen over its banks. The water was five miles wide. The men marched from one high ground to another through the cold water. They caught an Indian with a canoe. In this they got across the main river. But there was more water to cross. The men were so hungry that some of them fell down in the water. They had to be carried out.

Clark's men got frightened at last, and then they had no heart to go any farther. But Clark remembered what the Indians did when they went to war. He took a little gunpowder in his hand. He poured water on it. Then he rubbed it on his face. It made his face black. He gave a war whoop. The men followed him again.

The men were tired and hungry. But they soon reached dry ground. They were now in sight of the fort. Clark marched his little army round and round in such a way as to make it seem that he had many men with him. He wrote a fierce letter to the British commander. He behaved like a general with a large army.

After some fighting, the British commander gave up. Clark's little army took the British fort. This brave action saved to our country the land that lies between the Ohio River and the Lakes. It stopped the sending of Indians to kill the settlers in the West.

Directions

Study the lesson for one week.

Over the week:

  • Read the story multiple times.
  • Review the synopsis.
  • Study the vocabulary words.
  • Learn the concepts.
  • Complete the enrichment activities.
  • Study the review questions.

Synopsis

During the Revolution, the British had the Kaskaskia fort in Indiana and then Vincennes fort in Illinois. The British officers from these forts sent American Indians to kill colonial settlers in Kentucky. American Colonel George Rogers Clark decided to attack the British forts to stop the killings. Kaskaskia was far from the Americans, and its soldiers did not expect an attack. Clark and his soldiers marched in while the people were asleep and took the town. Next, Clark wanted to take Vincennes. It was winter, and Clark and his men had to march through rivers with freezing waters. The soldiers refused to cross one of the rivers. Clark had the tallest soldier put a little drummer boy on his shoulders and cross the river. The drummer boy beat his drums, inspiring the soldiers to follow. At another crossing, the soldiers floated the drummer boy across the river atop his drum. For the final river crossing, Clark painted his face and gave a war-whoop and the soldiers followed him again. At Vincennes, Clark marched his small band of 170 soldiers around the fort to make it seem like he had a full army. After some fighting, the British gave up, and Clark took the fort.

Vocabulary

Colonel: A military officer of high rank.
Fort: A fortified building or an army post.
Revolution: A forcible overthrow of a government in favor of a new system.
Cheerful: Happy and optimistic.
Commander: A person in authority, especially over a body of troops or a military operation.

Concepts

In the story, Colonel Clark leads his soldiers to take two British forts. 'Colonel' indicates his rank or position of authority within the army.

An 'officer' rank means the person is a leader. See below an abbreviated list from low to high of some modern officer ranks. General is the highest rank.

  1. Lieutenant
  2. Captain
  3. Major
  4. Colonel
  5. General

Enrichment

Activity 1: Narrate the Story

  • After reading or listening to the story, narrate the story events aloud using your own words.

Activity 2: Color the Story   

  • Click the crayon above, and complete page 27 of 'History Coloring Pages for First Grade.'

Activity 3: Model the Story

  • Study the picture of a fort.
  • Use Legos or blocks to build your own fort.
  • Add British soldiers inside the fort, and Clark and his soldiers outside the fort.
  • Play that Clark fights and defeats the soldiers and takes the fort.

Activity 4: Study the Story Picture

  • Study the picture below of the little drummer boy.
  • Why does the man hold the drummer boy on his shoulder? (To enable the boy to drum as they cross the river.)
  • Other than the drummer boy, what is the man holding in his hand? (A gun.)
  • What is tucked inside the man's belt? (A knife.)

Activity 5: Map the Story

  • This chapter mentions the states of Indiana (IN), Illinois (IL), and Kentucky (KY). Zoom in to find the three states on the map below.
  • Find the point where all three states intersect.

Review

Question 1

Why did Clark decide to take the two British forts?
1 / 5

Answer 1

The British sent American Indians to kill colonial settlers in Kentucky.
1 / 5

Question 2

Why was it difficult for Clark to march his soldiers across the land?
2 / 5

Answer 2

It was winter, and the rivers were full of freezing water.
2 / 5

Question 3

How did Clark inspire his soldiers to continue when they wanted to give up?
3 / 5

Answer 3

He made the men laugh, he had the drummer boy cross a river atop a tall man's shoulders and beat his drums, he painted his face, and he gave a war-whoop.
3 / 5

Question 4

How did Clark make it easier to take the fort at Kaskaskia?
4 / 5

Answer 4

Clark and his soldiers marched in while the town was asleep and surprised the British.
4 / 5

Question 5

How did Clark make it easier to take the fort at Vincennes?
5 / 5

Answer 5

Clark pretended he had a much larger army by marching his men around and fooled the British into surrendering.
5 / 5

  1. Why did Clark decide to take the two British forts? The British sent American Indians to kill colonial settlers in Kentucky.
  2. Why was it difficult for Clark to march his soldiers across the land? It was winter, and the rivers were full of freezing water.
  3. How did Clark inspire his soldiers to continue when they wanted to give up? He made the men laugh, he had the drummer boy cross a river atop a tall man's shoulders and beat his drums, he painted his face, and he gave a war-whoop.
  4. How did Clark make it easier to take the fort at Kaskaskia? Clark and his soldiers marched in while the town was asleep and surprised the British.
  5. How did Clark make it easier to take the fort at Vincennes? Clark pretended he had a much larger army by marching his men around and fooled the British into surrendering.

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